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The purpose of this research was to determine if slope and exposure are important determinants of plant communities emerging on reservoir shorelines. We sampled 30 sites on the previously inundated shoreline of Cave Run Lake, a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers flood-control reservoir in east-central Kentucky, USA. These sites were categorized as either flats, riparian forests, exposed banks, or sheltered...
The poorly drained pine flatwoods of the Lower Coastal Plain of the Southern United States, including Florida, contain many pond cypress (Taxodium ascendens) wetlands, which cover about one-third of the area. Management of the resource includes pine silviculture and cypress harvesting for lumber, plywood, paper, and mulch. Concern about the ecological impacts and hydrologic effects prompted a cooperative...
Global climate-change models (GCMs) predict that the midwest USA will be drier and warmer as a result of global climate change. Other studies suggest that climate change has already started in the Lake Michigan region. This study uses climate predictions from GCMs and projections of historical climate-change trends to examine the potential effects of climate change on riparian vegetation along the...
Developing a more thorough understanding of water and chemical budgets in wetlands depends in part on our ability to quantify time-varying interactions between ground water and surface water. We used a combined water and solute mass balance approach to estimate time-varying ground-water discharge and recharge in the Everglades Nutrient Removal project (ENR), a relatively large constructed wetland...
Developing an understanding of wetland hydrology that is free from site-specific constraints is difficult. Many hydrologic studies are focused upon a single site and the development of water-budget components. Our previous research (Cole et al. 1997) examined the hydrology of several wetlands based upon monthly sampling during the growing season. Those data did not provide adequate information on...
Mountain fens are uncommon and unique wetlands in the southern Appalachian Highlands. We selected four mountain fens in North Carolina to compare soil particle-size distribution, organic carbon, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and exchangeable Mg+2, Ca+2, and K+. Three of the sites are depressional areas on alluvial floodplains at elevations between 700 and 1130 m above sea level, while the fourth...
Field mapping and monitoring of vegetation, sedimentation patterns, substrate characteristics, and geomorphology in the Bush River tributary to upper Chesapeake Bay has been conducted since 1991 to ascertain the process-morphology dynamics in a tidal freshwater marsh. Nine plant associations from 5 distinct marsh habitats were identified by clustering species abundance measurements from 115 quadrats...
The existence of different growth forms (tall and short) in various species of the genus Spartina has, on occasion, been attributed to differences in the availability of nutrients. In the present work, macronutrient (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, S) and micronutrient (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) contents of the soils and tissues (leaves and stems) of three populations of S. maritima from the NW Iberian Peninsula were studied...
Ligustrum sinense (Chinese privet) is an introduced species in the United States. Dense stands of L. sinense are found in the understory in many bottomland forests in western Tennessee. The widespread abundance of this species is problematic because of the potential loss of valuable native bottomland species due to competition. Flooding has been proposed as a potential means of eradicating this species...
Revegetation under wetland rather than dryland conditions provides an alternative to traditional methods of rehabilitation of metal mine tailings. The wetland plant Glyceria fluitans (floating sweetgrass) was found growing in a lead/zine mine-tailings pond. The potential of this species for revegetation of mine tailings under wetland conditions had not previously been investigated. In two outdoor...
The Missouri River floodplain historically contained numerous wetlands; however, alterations to the corridor have resulted in the loss of flood-pulse processes. The annual contributions of small wetlands (<15 ha) perched on the Missouri River floodplain have not been viewed as important; however, consequences of draining or filling perched wetlands in the upper Missouri River basin remain unclear...
Fixed-width belt transects employed in surveys of irregular shaped regions will differ in length and, therefore, in area. When estimating density from such a sample, the unequal transect areas must be taken into account. A density estimator dividing the mean number of objects (e.g., plants or animals) per transect by the mean transect area is recommended. An alternative estimator, the mean density...
The Okefenokee Swamp is a 160,000 ha freshwater wetland in Southeast Georgia, USA that developed in a landscape basin. Hydrologic variability across the swamp suggests that water-surface elevations are not uniform across the swamp. The topographic surface map discussed herein was developed to describe the swamp topography at local to landscape scales and relate the swamp peat- and sand-surface elevations...
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